Truth and traceability in physics and metrology /

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"Version: 20181001"--Title page verso."A Morgan & Claypool publication as part of IOP Concise Physics"--Title page verso.Includes bibliographical references.1. Basics of metrology -- 1.1. Regular or constant errors -- 1.2. Where traceability begins -- 1.3. Judging measurement results -- 1.4. True values and traceability -- 1.5. Consistency -- 1.6. Measuring errors2. Some statistics -- 2.1. Measurands and random variables -- 2.2. Fisher's density -- 2.3. Confidence intervals -- 2.4. Non-uniqueness of the empirical covariance -- 2.5. Breakdown of statistical inference -- 2.6. Curing hypothesis testing3. Measurement uncertainties -- 3.1. One measurand -- 3.2. Two and more measurands -- 3.3. Random errors -- 3.4. Bias -- 3.5. Overall uncertainty -- 3.6. Error propagation at a glance4. Method of least squares -- 4.1. Geometry of adjustment -- 4.2. Linear systems -- 4.3. Quintessence of the method of least squares5. Fitting of straight lines -- 5.1. True straight line -- 5.2. Fitting conditions -- 5.3. Straight line (I) -- 5.4. Straight line (II) -- 5.5. Straight line (III)6. Features of least squares estimators -- 6.1. Uncertainties -- 6.2. Weighted least squares -- 6.3. Transfer of true values -- 6.4. Fundamental constants of physics7. Prospects -- 7.1. Revising the error calculus -- 7.2. Redefining the SI base units8. Epilogue -- 8.1. Verification by experiment -- 8.2. Deciding by reasoning -- 8.3. What is right, what is wrong?Metrological data is known to be blurred by the imperfections of the measuring process. In retrospect, for about two centuries regular or constant errors were no focal point of experimental activities, only irregular or random error were. Today's notation of unknown systematic errors is in line with this. Confusingly enough, the worldwide practised approach to belatedly admit those unknown systematic errors amount to considering them as being random, too. This book discusses a new error concept dispensing with the common practice to randomize unknown systematic errors. Instead, unknown systematic errors will be treated as what they physically are--namely as constants being unknown with respect to magnitude and sign. The ideas considered in this book issue a proceeding steadily localizing the true values of the measurands and consequently traceability.Also available in print.Mode of access: World Wide Web.System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader, EPUB reader, or Kindle reader.Dr. Michael Grabe Studied physics at the University of Stuttgart and earned his Dr. rer. nat. degree from the Technical University of Braunschweig, Institute for Physical Chemistry, where he was a research assistant and lecturer for physical chemistry and applied computer science. He now works at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig, focusing on legal metrology, computerized interferometric lengths measurements, procedures for the assessment of measurement uncertainties, and adjustment of fundamental constants of physics. Lectures and papers concerning the evaluation of measured data can be found on http://www.uncertainty.de.Title from PDF title page (viewed on November 8, 2018).

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: .,

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1 online resource (various pagings) :illustrations (chiefly color).

Language

English

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Classification

530.8

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Subject(s)

Physics.
Measurement.
Metrology.
Mensuration & systems of measurement.
SCIENCE / Weights & Measures.
Uncertainty.

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Michael Grabe.

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