A classical thermodynamics toolkit /

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"Version: 20251201"--Title page verso.Includes bibliographical references.1. Introduction -- 1.1. Microscopic and macroscopic viewpoints -- 1.2. Solids, liquids, and gases -- 1.3. Important characteristics of substances in various states -- 1.4. System and surroundings -- 1.5. Summary2. Enthalpy and heat capacity -- 2.1. Enthalpy -- 2.2. Heat capacity of a substance -- 2.3. Flow work and enthalpy -- 2.4. Heat transfer definition -- 2.5. Summary3. Thermodynamic processes in a closed system -- 3.1. State variables -- 3.2. Thermodynamic processes -- 3.3. Special cases of processes -- 3.4. Quasistatic process with a solid -- 3.5. Quasistatic process with an ideal gas -- 3.6. Isobaric process -- 3.7. Isothermal process -- 3.8. Isochoric process -- 3.9. Adiabatic process -- 3.10. Arbitrary quasistatic process -- 3.11. Summary4. Entropy -- 4.1. Statistical definition of entropy -- 4.2. Defining entropy -- 4.3. Temperature as a measure of entropy change -- 4.4. Interaction and equilibrium -- 4.5. Mechanical equilibrium and the definition of pressure -- 4.6. Entropy is a state property -- 4.7. Energy and entropy -- 4.8. Second law of thermodynamics (entropy change in a process) -- 4.9. Cooling of a warm solid in a liquid reservoir -- 4.10. Entropy production due to heat diffusion in a bar -- 4.11. Entropy change in a process : ideal gas in a quasistatic process -- 4.12. Condition for an irreversible process -- 4.13. Summary5. Quasistatic processes with irreversible work transfer and nonquasistatic processes -- 5.1. Introduction to quasistatic processes with irreversible work transfer -- 5.2. Energy transfer in quasistatic processes with irreversible work -- 5.3. Entropy generation in quasistatic processes with irreversible work -- 5.4. Quasistatic irreversible ideal gas processes -- 5.5. Transition to non-quasistatic processes -- 5.6. Introduction to non-quasistatic processes and moving boundary work transfer for an ideal gas -- 5.7. Thermodynamic identity -- 5.8. Summary6. Thermodynamic cycles -- 6.1. Introduction -- 6.2. The difference between a process and a cycle -- 6.3. Why do we need cycles? -- 6.4. Examples of thermodynamic cycles across applications -- 6.5. Classification of thermodynamic cycles -- 6.6. Cycle performance -- 6.7. Ideal versus real cycles -- 6.8. Classification of cooling cycles : space-separated versus time-separated -- 6.9. Thermoelectric coolers : a non-gas-based cycle -- 6.10. External temperatures and maximum performance -- 6.11. Historical statements of the second law of thermodynamics -- 6.12. Summary7. Real gas properties and applications in thermodynamic cycles -- 7.1. Introduction -- 7.2. Limitations of the ideal gas model -- 7.3. Equations of state for real gases -- 7.4. Pressure-enthalpy (p-h) diagram -- 7.5. Pressure-temperature (p-T) diagram -- 7.6. Observations and real gas behavior -- 7.7. Generalization of the first and second laws to an open system -- 7.8. Application of the laws -- 7.9. Vapor-compression cycle -- 7.10. Rankine cycle -- 7.11. Summary8. Free energy and the spontaneity of a process -- 8.1. Introduction -- 8.2. Spontaneity example : ice melting to water -- 8.3. Reformulation in terms of free energy -- 8.4. Heat transfer and the role of work in spontaneity -- 8.5. Gas expansion, compression : entropy, and Gibbs free energy -- 8.6. Treating physical and chemical processes systematically -- 8.7. Distinguishing between the Gibbs free energy of a substance and a reaction -- 8.8. The Clausius-Clapeyron relation and phase transitions -- 8.9. Thermodynamic analysis of hydrogen reactions -- 8.10. Phase change process : graphite to diamond and vice versa -- 8.11. Helmholtz free energy -- 8.12. Summary9. Thermodynamic potentials--applications under non-standard temperature and pressure conditions -- 9.1. Introduction -- 9.2. Thermodynamic potentials and their derivatives -- 9.3. Examples to illustrate the use of thermodynamic relationships -- 9.4. Understanding the difference between -pdV and Vdp work -- 9.5. Distinguishing between substance and reaction : thermodynamic properties across conditions -- 9.6. Calculating enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy at non-standard pressure and temperature -- 9.7. Determining Gibbs free energy of a reaction at any pressure -- 9.8. Gibbs free energy and reaction behavior under non-standard temperature and pressure -- 9.9. Understanding water's phase diagram -- 9.10. Calculating electromotive force (EMF) in electrochemical cells -- 9.11. Pressure dependence of the graphite-diamond transition -- 9.12. Summary -- 10. Conclusion : where to go from here.Full-text restricted to subscribers or individual document purchasers.This book offers a balanced, modern introduction that is rigorous enough for engineering students yet intuitive and accessible for those in applied physics and related disciplines. Core topics such as irreversibility, non-quasistatic processes, and spontaneity, which are often treated vaguely or in non-intuitive ways, are developed here in a systematic, sequential manner. Concepts are introduced through simple examples and then expanded step by step, allowing the reader to build understanding gradually while still achieving conceptual rigor.A core reference book for undergraduate students in applied physics and advanced technology disciplines. Also a refresher text for MSc/MEng studies in process engineering, mechanical engineering and the physical sciences.Also available in print.Mode of access: World Wide Web.System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader, EPUB reader, or Kindle reader.Srinivas Vanapalli is a professor in applied physics at the University of Twente, where he leads the Applied Thermal Sciences group within the Faculty of Science and Technology. His research focuses on cryogenic thermal systems and multiphase heat and mass transfer, with a strong emphasis on fundamental science and its translation into innovative technologies. His academic roots are from the Indian Institute of Technology Madras, where he graduated with a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering. He later received an electrical engineering master's degree (cum laude) from University of Twente. He earned his PhD from the University of Twente, where he explored high-frequency operation and miniaturization of pulse tube cryocoolers--a part of which was conducted at NIST in Boulder, USA. After a period in industry, he returned to academia, where he now contributes extensively to both research and education. At Twente, Professor Vanapalli teaches classical thermodynamics and cryogenics. He is also deeply engaged in the international cryogenics community, serving on several boards and committees, including the Cryogenics Society of Europe as chairman, International Institute of Refrigeration (Commission A2), and the Cryogenic Engineering Conference.Title from PDF title page (viewed on January 8, 2026).

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: .,

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1 online resource (various pagings) :illustrations (some color).

Language

English

ISBN/ISSN

9780750360296

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536.7

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SCIENCE / Mechanics / Thermodynamics.
Thermodynamics.
Thermodynamics & heat.

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Srinivas Vanapalli.

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