The physics of sound waves :music, instruments, and sound equipment /

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Revised edition of: Musical sound, instruments, and equipment."Version: 202108"--Title page verso.Includes bibliographical references.1. Properties of waves -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. Periodic waves -- 1.3. Addition of waveforms -- 1.4. Beats -- 1.5. Energy and intensity -- 1.6. Further discussion -- 1.7. Equations -- 1.8. Problems and questions2. Propagation of sound waves -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. Wave fronts -- 2.3. Sound propagating in air -- 2.4. Reflection -- 2.5. Interference -- 2.6. Diffraction -- 2.7. Absorption and attenuation -- 2.8. Further discussion -- 2.9. Equations -- 2.10. Problems and questions3. Displaying and analyzing musical sounds -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Measuring sound signals -- 3.3. Visualizing a simple sound signal -- 3.4. The spectrum of one keyboard note -- 3.5. Comparing the sound of a steel to a nylon guitar string -- 3.6. Complex tones and timbre -- 3.7. The spectrum of a flute -- 3.8. Sound analysis software applications -- 3.9. Further discussion -- 3.10. Equations -- 3.11. Problems and questions4. The perception of sound -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Audible frequencies -- 4.3. Audible intensities -- 4.4. The decibel (dB) unit -- 4.5. Frequency dependence of the threshold of hearing -- 4.6. Loudness level -- 4.7. Loudness -- 4.8. Just noticeable difference -- 4.9. Frequency and pitch -- 4.10. Structure and function of the human ear -- 4.11. Critical bands -- 4.12. Hearing, vision, and the role of the brain -- 4.13. Further discussion -- 4.14. Equations -- 4.15. Problems and questions5. Musical scales and temperament -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. Keyboard notes -- 5.3. Major and minor scales -- 5.4. Frequency relations and intervals -- 5.5. The equal temperament scale -- 5.6. Consonance and dissonance -- 5.7. From dissonance to consonance -- 5.8. Other scales -- 5.9. Older temperaments -- 5.10. Noise -- 5.11. Further discussion -- 5.12. Problems and questions6. Standing waves and resonance -- 6.1. Introduction -- 6.2. Vibrational modes in a string -- 6.3. Nodes and antinodes -- 6.4. Simultaneously vibrating modes -- 6.5. Standing waves in pipes -- 6.6. Standing waves in an open pipe -- 6.7. Standing waves in a pipe closed at one end -- 6.8. Comparison of open and closed pipes -- 6.9. Standing waves in a pipe closed at both ends -- 6.10. Standing waves in rods and tubes -- 6.11. Harmonics, partials, and overtones -- 6.12. Resonance and damping -- 6.13. Examples of resonance -- 6.14. Further discussion -- 6.15. Equations -- 6.16. Problems and questions7. Sound equipment and components -- 7.1. Introduction -- 7.2. Concepts of electricity -- 7.3. Filters -- 7.4. Microphones -- 7.5. The amplifier -- 7.6. Amplifier characteristics -- 7.7. Loudspeakers -- 7.8. Further discussion -- 7.9. Equations -- 7.10. Problems and questions8. Analog and digital signals -- 8.1. Introduction -- 8.2. Analog and digital signals -- 8.3. Analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog conversion -- 8.4. Digital interfaces -- 8.5. Bit rate and byte rate -- 8.6. Communication protocol -- 8.7. Hardwired transmission of digital data -- 8.8. Wireless transmission of digital data -- 8.9. Bandwidth -- 8.10. Further discussion -- 8.11. Equations -- 8.12. Problems and questions9. The musical environment -- 9.1. Introduction -- 9.2. Review of the fundamental processes -- 9.3. Outdoor acoustics -- 9.4. Indoor acoustics -- 9.5. Sound qualities of halls -- 9.6. Sound qualities of small rooms -- 9.7. High fidelity sound -- 9.8. Stereophonic sound -- 9.9. Placement of loudspeakers -- 9.10. Ambient noise -- 9.11. Further discussion -- 9.12. Equations -- 9.13. Problems and questions10. Sound recording and reproduction -- 10.1. Introduction -- 10.2. Gramophones -- 10.3. Magnetic tape deck -- 10.4. Compact disk -- 10.5. Compressed and uncompressed formats -- 10.6. Semiconductor storage devices -- 10.7. Further discussion -- 10.8. Problems and questions11. Percussion, wind and string instruments -- 11.1. Introduction -- 11.2. Basic functions of musical instruments -- 11.3. Percussion instruments -- 11.4. Wind instruments -- 11.5. String instruments -- 11.6. Further discussion -- 11.7. Problems and questions12. Keyboard instruments and the human voice -- 12.1. Introduction -- 12.2. Pipe organ -- 12.3. Piano -- 12.4. Human voice -- 12.5. Synthesizers -- 12.6. Problems and questions.The Physics of Sound Waves: Music, Instruments, and Sound Equipment (Second Edition) describes the properties of sound waves as they relate to the production of sound by musical instruments, the perception and interpretation of sound, fast Fourier transform analysis, recording and reproduction of musical sounds, and the quality of sound in both indoor and outdoor environments. Graphics and animations are used to explain sound production in strings, percussion and wind instruments, and this knowledge is applied to describe selected instruments. Each chapter has topics for further discussion and concludes with questions and problems. Solutions for all questions and problems as well as a mathematical description of waves are provided in the appendix.General Physics, Sound science, acoustics, sound wave courses.Also available in print.Mode of access: World Wide Web.System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader, EPUB reader, or Kindle reader.Panos Photinos is professor emeritus at Southern Oregon University where he has taught since 1989. He developed and taught many courses, including two courses on the physics of music. Panos has authored over 50 research publications in scientific journals and is the author of Visual Astronomy: A guide to understanding the night sky.Title from PDF title page (viewed on September 1, 2021).

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: .,

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1 online resource (various pagings) :illustrations (some color).

Language

English

ISBN/ISSN

9780750335393

Classification

781.2

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Edition

Second edition.

Subject(s)

Physics.
Classical physics.
Music
Sound

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Statement of Responsibility

Panos Photinos.

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