"Version: 20251201"--Title page verso.Includes bibliographical references.1. Introduction -- 1.1. Background -- 1.2. Overview of perovskite materials -- 1.3. Historical background -- 1.4. Significance in modern science and technology -- 1.5. Conclusion2. Fundamentals of perovskites -- 2.1. Crystal structure -- 2.2. Classification of perovskites -- 2.3. Bandgap and electronic structure -- 2.4. S…